Urban Pop Songs (from May 1999)
This is an exercise I wrote for an Urban Problems class in school: Subcity and To Have and To Have Not are both bitter songs about life and alienation from the larger society in central cities. Billy Bragg probably is writing about a young man in a city in his native England, but his troubled working class character could as easily be in a de-industrialized city in the northeast or north central United States. Tracy Chapman places her character, whose age (probably adult) and gender are not stated and not primary to the situation in which "she"-for purposes of this note-finds herself: in a generic urban poverty-stricken area. It could be a Los Angeles ghetto, or it could be in East Cleveland, Ohio. The title of the song and the words "a city underground" tell us Subcity is an urban place and not rural. It is a place where life is unpleasant and difficult. The residents make use of the refuse of society. These might include the castoff clothing, homes, automobi...